مقابر حكام القوصيه

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
الحمدلله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين
the rock tompas of maier
مقابر
مير الصخريه
هي مجموعة مقابر تقع في قلب الجبل الغربي لمدينة القوصيه المسمى قوصقام وهي عباره عن 14 مقبره فرعونيه منحوته في قلب الجبل تخص امراء الاقليم 14 من اقاليم مصر العليا وهي تنتمي الى جميع عصور الدوله الفرعونيه قديمه ووسطى وحديثه وهي في منتهى الرقه والجمال وقد قمت برحله شخصيا الى هذه المقابرورأيت مدى الروعه والجمال فيها واليكم بعض الصور حصريه لمنتدى ابناء القوصيه اتمنى ان تنول اعجابكم
وتعتبر من الناحيه الاثريه ذات قيمة عاليه لانها تعتبر المقابر الوحبده من الدوله القديمه الموجوده بحالة جيده وتعتبر في الشكل العام كخلية النحل متشابكه
وهي مقابر عائليه متوارثه من الاب الى الابن فالاحفاد
والمكتشف منها لايمثل العدد الحقيقي ومازال معطمها تغطبه الرمال ولم بكتشف بعد
وفي السهل الصحراوي توجد مقابر الاعيان وعامة الشعب وهي غنيه بالمكتشفات القيمه
وما بميز هذه المقابر التماثيل الرائعه من مجسمات صغيره تنبض بالحياه منها تماثبل لرجل يحرث حقلخ واخرى لامراة تغربل ورجل يشوي بطه وحظبرة مواشي وكثير مما بمثل حياة المصري القديم
ويوجد على حائطة احدى المقابر صورة لرجل يرعى البقر وهي الوحيده في جميع المقابر المصريه اللتي صورة بهذا الشكل حيث تختلف سماته الجسمانيه وملامحه عن المقريين وهو يعتقد انه قادم من الصحراء الليبيه حيث تظهر عليه علاماتالاعياء والجوع ويسميه الاثريون راعي مير





الصور المصغرة للصور المرفقة
الصور المرفقة

يتبع

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم






الصور المصغرة للصور المرفقة

مقابر مير الصخريه

مقابر مير الصخريه

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Uqz1ellnog

Meir lies at the edge of the cultivation, about 50km north-west of Asyut. The modern town of el-Qusiya, about 8km to the east of Meir, probably derives its name from the ancient Qis, classical Cusae during Graeco-Roman times. Although Qis was capital of the 14th Upper Egyptian nome, there are few remaining traces of the ancient town. It was in the necropolis at Meir that the provincial rulers, or nomarchs of the region were buried in tombs high in the hillside, with the more humble population further down the slope.
Meir has had little archaeological attention since the tombs were first published by Aylward Blackman for the Egypt Exploration Fund in 1914 and then excavated by Sayed Pasha Kabasha in 1919. Reisner described model boats found at Meir and Daressy produced a study of the coffins. Since then the area has been fairly inaccessible to tourists but recently several of the tombs have been cleared and opened to visitors. The cemetery has many important rock-cut tombs dating to Dynasty VI and Dynasty XII, containing unusual painted scenes, characterised by their naturalistic qualities. Many of the tombs contain highly detailed scenes of daily life, including industries and sports and have a distinct local style.
Tomb of Niankh-hpepy (Meir A-1)
Niankh-hpepy was also known by the name of ‘Hepi the Black’ and his large tomb reflects his important status of Chancellor of Pepi I during Dynasty VI. The tomb contains four chambers. In the first and largest of these Niankh-hpepy and his wife are depicted receiving offerings of cattle, birds, animals and food and observing fishing and fowling, with the preparation of the catch. On the western wall of the tomb there is a stela with an offering slab in front. There are many shafts in Niankh-hpepy’s tomb, for the burials of his family.
Tomb of Pepyankh (Meir A-2)
Pepyankh was the son of Niankh-hpepy and was called ‘Heni the Black’. His tomb, which adjoins that of his father, is larger, and contains many scenes with details of industries and the harvesting of various crops, including grapes, grain and flax. On the left-hand wall of the western chamber are offering scenes which follow the owner into a long corridor and a room with a large burial shaft. On the right-hand wall Pepyankh is seen in a palanquin, shaded by a fan-bearer, accompanied by his pet dog and monkey in registers above. Another small offering chamber to the rear contains a false door. The central chamber (the first when entering the tomb) depicts the tomb-owner carrying out his duties, with scribes, secretary and attendants inspecting the workshops. The eastern chamber contains funeral scenes and a serdab with portrayals of the deceased on the walls.
Tomb of Senbi (Meir B-1)
This is perhaps one of the best known tombs at Meir. Senbi held the hereditary position of Nomarch and ‘Overseer of Priests’ during the reign of Amenemhet I of Dynasty XII, and his father was called Ukhhotep. His tomb contains many scenes of offerings, though some are now badly damaged, as well as agricultural and manufacturing scenes. The best preserved of the manufacturing scenes include vase-making. He is also shown in a spectacular desert hunting scene, accompanied by his dogs. At either side against the front walls of the chapel are two basins which would have been used during the offering rituals. A raised central aisle leads through the tomb to a statue niche at the rear.
Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-2)
Ukhhotep was the son of Senbi (B-1) and held the hereditary titles of ‘Great Chief of the Nome’, ‘Overseer of Priests of Hathor of Cusae’ and ‘Overseer of Priests of the Lady of All’, during the Dynasty XII reign of Senwosret I. Reliefs in the tomb include scenes similar to those of his father, with offerings and marsh activities. A great variety of wildlife is depicted in hunting scenes in a lifelike and colourful manner. The tomb was apparently unfinished at the owner’s death and there are some figures which are roughly sketched in red paint. On the southern wall there are scenes of cattle whose herdsmen look emaciated, probably indicating a famine during this period. The paintings in this tomb are unusually vivid.
Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-4)
Another tomb at Meir belongs to a man named Ukhhotep, a son of Ukhhotep and Mersi and he held similar titles of Nomarch to the previous Ukhhotep during mid-Dynasty XII. His tomb is a much more complex structure however, with a raised central aisle leading to a statue niche with an elaborate ‘palace façade’ decoration. The wall-scenes in the tomb are of similar themes to other Middle Kingdom tombs at Meir and include fishing and agricultural scenes, and industries. On the end wall on the left-hand side of the chapel the extended family of Ukhhotep are represented in seven registers. At the rear of the chapel to the right there is an offering chamber which contains texts of offering list rituals and a false door flanked by images of the tomb-owner.
Restoration of the tombs at Meir began in 1997 and several tombs have now had the walls consolidated and the reliefs restored to their original bright colours. At least nine of the tombs are open to visitors from a total of seventeen which are planned. New stairways have been constructed, making access easier, as well as a small coffee-shop and toilets. In the past the tombs at Meir have been prone to illicit digging as well as legal excavations, which at the time allowed the artefacts to be taken out of the country. Some of these have been returned and with many others are now on display in the small museum at Mallawi, including a limestone seated statue of Pepyankh and his wife from tomb A-2.
How to get there
The town of el-Qusiya is 50km north of Asyut, and around 25km south of Mallawi on the west bank of the Nile. From el-Qusiya a road leads west to the edge of the cultivation for about 8km to the necropolis of Meir. Visitors may buy tickets from the new ticket office at the site. Photography is not usually allowed inside the tombs.

من:الإنجليزية
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إلى:العربية
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ترجمة نص أو صفحة ويب Meir lies at the edge of the cultivation, about 50km north-west of Asyut. The modern town of el-Qusiya, about 8km to the east of Meir, probably derives its name from the ancient Qis, classical Cusae during Graeco-Roman times. Although Qis was capital of the 14th Upper Egyptian nome, there are few remaining traces of the ancient town. It was in the necropolis at Meir that the provincial rulers, or nomarchs of the region were buried in tombs high in the hillside, with the more humble population further down the slope. The Necropolis at Meir Meir has had little archaeological attention since the tombs were first published by Aylward Blackman for the Egypt Exploration Fund in 1914 and then excavated by Sayed Pasha Kabasha in 1919. Reisner described model boats found at Meir and Daressy produced a study of the coffins. Since then the area has been fairly inaccessible to tourists but recently several of the tombs have been cleared and opened to visitors. The cemetery has many important rock-cut tombs dating to Dynasty VI and Dynasty XII, containing unusual painted scenes, characterised by their naturalistic qualities. Many of the tombs contain highly detailed scenes of daily life, including industries and sports and have a distinct local style. Tomb of Niankh-hpepy (Meir A-1) Niankh-hpepy was also known by the name of ‘Hepi the Black’ and his large tomb reflects his important status of Chancellor of Pepi I during Dynasty VI. The tomb contains four chambers. In the first and largest of these Niankh-hpepy and his wife are depicted receiving offerings of cattle, birds, animals and food and observing fishing and fowling, with the preparation of the catch. On the western wall of the tomb there is a stela with an offering slab in front. There are many shafts in Niankh-hpepy’s tomb, for the burials of his family. Old Kingdom tombs at Meir Tomb of Pepyankh (Meir A-2) Pepyankh was the son of Niankh-hpepy and was called ‘Heni the Black’. His tomb, which adjoins that of his father, is larger, and contains many scenes with details of industries and the harvesting of various crops, including grapes, grain and flax. On the left-hand wall of the western chamber are offering scenes which follow the owner into a long corridor and a room with a large burial shaft. On the right-hand wall Pepyankh is seen in a palanquin, shaded by a fan-bearer, accompanied by his pet dog and monkey in registers above. Another small offering chamber to the rear contains a false door. The central chamber (the first when entering the tomb) depicts the tomb-owner carrying out his duties, with scribes, secretary and attendants inspecting the workshops. The eastern chamber contains funeral scenes and a serdab with portrayals of the deceased on the walls. Tomb of Senbi (Meir B-1) This is perhaps one of the best known tombs at Meir. Senbi held the hereditary position of Nomarch and ‘Overseer of Priests’ during the reign of Amenemhet I of Dynasty XII, and his father was called Ukhhotep. His tomb contains many scenes of offerings, though some are now badly damaged, as well as agricultural and manufacturing scenes. The best preserved of the manufacturing scenes include vase-making. He is also shown in a spectacular desert hunting scene, accompanied by his dogs. At either side against the front walls of the chapel are two basins which would have been used during the offering rituals. A raised central aisle leads through the tomb to a statue niche at the rear. Middle Kingdom tombs at Meir Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-2) Ukhhotep was the son of Senbi (B-1) and held the hereditary titles of ‘Great Chief of the Nome’, ‘Overseer of Priests of Hathor of Cusae’ and ‘Overseer of Priests of the Lady of All’, during the Dynasty XII reign of Senwosret I. Reliefs in the tomb include scenes similar to those of his father, with offerings and marsh activities. A great variety of wildlife is depicted in hunting scenes in a lifelike and colourful manner. The tomb was apparently unfinished at the owner’s death and there are some figures which are roughly sketched in red paint. On the southern wall there are scenes of cattle whose herdsmen look emaciated, probably indicating a famine during this period. The paintings in this tomb are unusually vivid. Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-4) Another tomb at Meir belongs to a man named Ukhhotep, a son of Ukhhotep and Mersi and he held similar titles of Nomarch to the previous Ukhhotep during mid-Dynasty XII. His tomb is a much more complex structure however, with a raised central aisle leading to a statue niche with an elaborate ‘palace façade’ decoration. The wall-scenes in the tomb are of similar themes to other Middle Kingdom tombs at Meir and include fishing and agricultural scenes, and industries. On the end wall on the left-hand side of the chapel the extended family of Ukhhotep are represented in seven registers. At the rear of the chapel to the right there is an offering chamber which contains texts of offering list rituals and a false door flanked by images of the tomb-owner. Restoration of the tombs at Meir began in 1997 and several tombs have now had the walls consolidated and the reliefs restored to their original bright colours. At least nine of the tombs are open to visitors from a total of seventeen which are planned. New stairways have been constructed, making access easier, as well as a small coffee-shop and toilets. In the past the tombs at Meir have been prone to illicit digging as well as legal excavations, which at the time allowed the artefacts to be taken out of the country. Some of these have been returned and with many others are now on display in the small museum at Mallawi, including a limestone seated statue of Pepyankh and his wife from tomb A-2. How to get there The town of el-Qusiya is 50km north of Asyut, and around 25km south of Mallawi on the west bank of the Nile. From el-Qusiya a road leads west to the edge of the cultivation for about 8km to the necropolis of Meir. Visitors may buy tickets from the new ticket office at the site. Photography is not usually allowed inside the tombs. Meir lies at the edge of the cultivation, about 50km north-west of Asyut. The modern town of el-Qusiya, about 8km to the east of Meir, probably derives its name from the ancient Qis, classical Cusae during Graeco-Roman times. Although Qis was capital of the 14th Upper Egyptian nome, there are few remaining traces of the ancient town. It was in the necropolis at Meir that the provincial rulers, or nomarchs of the region were buried in tombs high in the hillside, with the more humble population further down the slope. The Necropolis at Meir Meir has had little archaeological attention since the tombs were first published by Aylward Blackman for the Egypt Exploration Fund in 1914 and then excavated by Sayed Pasha Kabasha in 1919. Reisner described model boats found at Meir and Daressy produced a study of the coffins. Since then the area has been fairly inaccessible to tourists but recently several of the tombs have been cleared and opened to visitors. The cemetery has many important rock-cut tombs dating to Dynasty VI and Dynasty XII, containing unusual painted scenes, characterised by their naturalistic qualities. Many of the tombs contain highly detailed scenes of daily life, including industries and sports and have a distinct local style. Tomb of Niankh-hpepy (Meir A-1) Niankh-hpepy was also known by the name of ‘Hepi the Black’ and his large tomb reflects his important status of Chancellor of Pepi I during Dynasty VI. The tomb contains four chambers. In the first and largest of these Niankh-hpepy and his wife are depicted receiving offerings of cattle, birds, animals and food and observing fishing and fowling, with the preparation of the catch. On the western wall of the tomb there is a stela with an offering slab in front. There are many shafts in Niankh-hpepy’s tomb, for the burials of his family. Old Kingdom tombs at Meir Tomb of Pepyankh (Meir A-2) Pepyankh was the son of Niankh-hpepy and was called ‘Heni the Black’. His tomb, which adjoins that of his father, is larger, and contains many scenes with details of industries and the harvesting of various crops, including grapes, grain and flax. On the left-hand wall of the western chamber are offering scenes which follow the owner into a long corridor and a room with a large burial shaft. On the right-hand wall Pepyankh is seen in a palanquin, shaded by a fan-bearer, accompanied by his pet dog and monkey in registers above. Another small offering chamber to the rear contains a false door. The central chamber (the first when entering the tomb) depicts the tomb-owner carrying out his duties, with scribes, secretary and attendants inspecting the workshops. The eastern chamber contains funeral scenes and a serdab with portrayals of the deceased on the walls. Tomb of Senbi (Meir B-1) This is perhaps one of the best known tombs at Meir. Senbi held the hereditary position of Nomarch and ‘Overseer of Priests’ during the reign of Amenemhet I of Dynasty XII, and his father was called Ukhhotep. His tomb contains many scenes of offerings, though some are now badly damaged, as well as agricultural and manufacturing scenes. The best preserved of the manufacturing scenes include vase-making. He is also shown in a spectacular desert hunting scene, accompanied by his dogs. At either side against the front walls of the chapel are two basins which would have been used during the offering rituals. A raised central aisle leads through the tomb to a statue niche at the rear. Middle Kingdom tombs at Meir Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-2) Ukhhotep was the son of Senbi (B-1) and held the hereditary titles of ‘Great Chief of the Nome’, ‘Overseer of Priests of Hathor of Cusae’ and ‘Overseer of Priests of the Lady of All’, during the Dynasty XII reign of Senwosret I. Reliefs in the tomb include scenes similar to those of his father, with offerings and marsh activities. A great variety of wildlife is depicted in hunting scenes in a lifelike and colourful manner. The tomb was apparently unfinished at the owner’s death and there are some figures which are roughly sketched in red paint. On the southern wall there are scenes of cattle whose herdsmen look emaciated, probably indicating a famine during this period. The paintings in this tomb are unusually vivid. Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-4) Another tomb at Meir belongs to a man named Ukhhotep, a son of Ukhhotep and Mersi and he held similar titles of Nomarch to the previous Ukhhotep during mid-Dynasty XII. His tomb is a much more complex structure however, with a raised central aisle leading to a statue niche with an elaborate ‘palace façade’ decoration. The wall-scenes in the tomb are of similar themes to other Middle Kingdom tombs at Meir and include fishing and agricultural scenes, and industries. On the end wall on the left-hand side of the chapel the extended family of Ukhhotep are represented in seven registers. At the rear of the chapel to the right there is an offering chamber which contains texts of offering list rituals and a false door flanked by images of the tomb-owner. Restoration of the tombs at Meir began in 1997 and several tombs have now had the walls consolidated and the reliefs restored to their original bright colours. At least nine of the tombs are open to visitors from a total of seventeen which are planned. New stairways have been constructed, making access easier, as well as a small coffee-shop and toilets. In the past the tombs at Meir have been prone to illicit digging as well as legal excavations, which at the time allowed the artefacts to be taken out of the country. Some of these have been returned and with many others are now on display in the small museum at Mallawi, including a limestone seated statue of Pepyankh and his wife from tomb A-2. How to get there The town of el-Qusiya is 50km north of Asyut, and around 25km south of Mallawi on the west bank of the Nile. From el-Qusiya a road leads west to the edge of the cultivation for about 8km to the necropolis of Meir. Visitors may buy tickets from the new ticket office at the site. Photography is not usually allowed inside the tombs.

اكتب نصًا أو عنوان موقع ويب أو ترجم مستندًا.
إلغاء

الاستماع



ترجمة من الإنجليزية إلى العربية


مئير تقع على حافة زراعة ، حول 50km شمال غرب أسيوط. المدينة الحديثة من القوصية ايل ، عن 8km الى الشرق من مئير ، ربما تستمد اسمها من Qis القديمة ، والكلاسيكية Cusae خلال أوقات اليوناني الروماني. وعلى الرغم Qis كانت عاصمة إسم العليا المصرية 14 ، هناك عدد قليل من آثار ما تبقى من هذه المدينة القديمة. وكان في مقبرة في مائير التي كانت مدفونة حكام المقاطعات ، أو nomarchs المنطقة في مقابر عالية في التلال ، مع السكان أكثر تواضعا مزيد من أسفل المنحدر.

مقبرة في مئير

وكان مئير الأثرية اهتمام يذكر منذ نشرت للمرة الاولى في المقابر التي بلاكمان أليوارد لصندوق استكشاف مصر في 1914 وحفرها ثم سيد باشا Kabasha في عام 1919. وصف نموذج ريزنر القوارب التي عثر عليها في مائير وDaressy أنتجت دراسة للتوابيت. ومنذ ذلك الحين في منطقة يصعب الوصول اليها الى حد ما للسياح ولكن عدة في الآونة الأخيرة من القبور تم تطهيرها ، وفتح أمام الزوار. المقبرة ديها العديد من المهم في الصخر مقابر تعود إلى الأسرة السادسة والثانية عشرة اسرة ، التي تحتوي على مشاهد رسمها غير عادية ، وتتميز خصائصها الطبيعية. العديد من المقابر تحتوي على مشاهد مفصلة للغاية من الحياة اليومية ، بما في ذلك الصناعات والرياضة ونمط متميز المحلية.

قبر Niankh - hpepy (مئير و- 1)
كان يعرف أيضا Niankh - hpepy من جانب اسم 'Hepi الأسود وقبره كبير يعكس مكانته الهامة للمستشار بيبي الأول خلال سلالة السادس. قبر يحتوي على أربع غرف. في أول وأكبر هذه Niankh - hpepy وزوجته وصفت تلقي العروض من الأبقار والحيوانات والطيور ومراقبة المواد الغذائية والصيد وfowling ، مع التحضير للصيد. على الجدار الغربي للضريح هناك لوحة مع قربانا بلاطة في الجبهة. هناك العديد من اعمدة في قبر Niankh - hpepy ، والدفن لعائلته.

المقابر القديمة في المملكة مئير

قبر Pepyankh (مئير و- 2)
وكان نجل Pepyankh Niankh - hpepy وكان يسمى 'هيني الأسود. له قبر ، الذي يجاور أن والده هو أكبر ، ويحتوي على الكثير من المشاهد مع تفاصيل من الصناعات وحصاد المحاصيل المختلفة ، بما في ذلك الحبوب والعنب والكتان. على الحائط الأيسر من الغرفة الغربية التي تقدم المشاهد التي تتبع مالك في ممر طويل وغرفة الدفن مع رمح كبير. على الحائط الأيمن Pepyankh وينظر في palanquin ، المظللة من قبل حامل المروحة ، يرافقه كلبه الحيوانات الأليفة ، وقرد في سجلات أعلاه. آخر الغرفة الصغيرة التي تقدم إلى العمق ويتضمن الباب الوهمى. الغرفة المركزية (أول عند دخول المقبرة) يصور قبر مالك القيام بمهامه ، مع الكتبة ، والقابلات الأمين يتفقد ورش العمل. غرفة الشرقية يحتوي على مشاهد جنازة والسرداب مع تصوير المتوفى على الجدران.

قبر Senbi (مئير باء - 1)
ولعل هذا هو أحد أفضل المقابر المعروفة في مئير. عقدت Senbi الموقف وراثي من Nomarch و 'المشرف من الكهنة في عهد أمنمحات الأول من الثاني عشر اسرة ، وكان والده يسمى Ukhhotep. قبره يحتوي على مشاهد العديد من العروض ، وبالرغم من أن بعضها الآن بأضرار بالغة ، فضلا عن مشاهد الزراعية والتصنيع. أفضل الاحتفاظ المشاهد تشمل تصنيع زهرية صنع. ويرد أيضا في مشهد الصحراء الصيد مذهلة ، يرافقه كلابه. في أي من الجانبين على الجدران أمام كنيسة هما الأحواض التي استخدمت خلال الطقوس التي تقدم. ممر يؤدي من خلال رفع الوسطى القبر لمحراب تمثال في العمق.

وسط المقابر في المملكة مئير

قبر Ukhhotep (مئير باء - 2)
وكان نجل Ukhhotep Senbi (ب - 1) وعقد في العناوين وراثية 'رئيس الكبرى إسم' ، 'المشرف من الكهنة لحتحور من Cusae' و 'المشرف على كهنة سيدة للجميع' ، وخلال عشر سلالة عهد الانتصاف أولا Senwosret في قبر وتشمل مشاهد مماثلة لتلك التي من والده ، مع عروض وأنشطة مارش. وتظهر صورة كبيرة ومتنوعة من الحياة البرية في مشاهد الصيد بطريقة نابض بالحياة والألوان. وكان قبر لم تنته على ما يبدو في وفاة المالك ، وهناك بعض الشخصيات التي رسمت تقريبا في الطلاء الأحمر. على الحائط الجنوبي وهناك مشاهد من الماشية التي تبدو الرعاة الهزال ، مما يدل على الأرجح مجاعة خلال هذه الفترة. لوحات في هذا القبر لا تزال حية على نحو غير عادي.

قبر Ukhhotep (مئير باء - 4)
قبر آخر في مئير ينتمي إلى رجل يدعى Ukhhotep ، نجل Ukhhotep وMersi واجرى عناوين مشابهة من Nomarch إلى Ukhhotep السابقة خلال عشر منتصف اسرة. قبره هو بنية أكثر تعقيدا ولكن ، مع ممر مركزي مما يؤدي إلى رفع مكانة تمثال مع الديكور 'اجهة قصر' متقنة. الجدار الكواليس في المقبرة هي من مواضيع مماثلة لغيرها من مقابر الدولة الوسطى في مئير ، وتشمل الصيد والزراعة الكواليس ، والصناعات. على الحائط نهاية على الجانب الأيسر من مصلى يتم تمثيل أفراد الأسرة المكونة من سبعة Ukhhotep في السجلات. في الجزء الخلفي من الكنيسة إلى اليمين هناك غرفة عرض الذي يحتوي على نصوص طقوس تقديم قائمة والباب الوهمى يحيط بها صور لصاحب القبر.

بدأ ترميم مقابر مئير في 1997 ومقابر عدة كان لها الآن جدران الموحدة والنقوش استعادة ألوانها زاهية الأصلي. ما لا يقل عن تسع من المقابر مفتوحة للزوار من إجمالي سبعة عشر التي كان مقررا. وقد شيدت السلالم جديد ، مما يجعل من السهل الوصول إليها ، فضلا عن مقهى صغير والمراحيض. في الماضي كانت المقابر في مئير عرضة للحفر غير المشروعة فضلا عن الحفريات القانونية ، في الوقت الذي سمح التي يجب اتخاذها التحف خارج البلاد. وقد عاد بعض هؤلاء مع الآخرين وكثير من الآن على العرض في متحف صغير في ملوي ، بما في ذلك تمثال من الحجر الجيري يجلس Pepyankh وزوجته من ضريح - 2.

كيفية الوصول الى هناك

مدينة القوصية ايل هو 50km شمال أسيوط ، وحول 25km جنوب ملوي في الضفة الغربية لنهر النيل. من القوصية شرم طريق يؤدي الغربية إلى حافة زراعة نحو 8km إلى جبانة مئير. يمكن للزوار شراء التذاكر من مكتب التذاكر في موقع جديد. لا يسمح عادة التصوير داخل المقابر.

مئير تقع على حافة زراعة ، حول 50km شمال غرب أسيوط. المدينة الحديثة من القوصية ايل ، عن 8km الى الشرق من مئير ، ربما تستمد اسمها من Qis القديمة ، والكلاسيكية Cusae خلال أوقات اليوناني الروماني. وعلى الرغم Qis كانت عاصمة إسم العليا المصرية 14 ، هناك عدد قليل من آثار ما تبقى من هذه المدينة القديمة. وكان في مقبرة في مائير التي كانت مدفونة حكام المقاطعات ، أو nomarchs المنطقة في مقابر عالية في التلال ، مع السكان أكثر تواضعا مزيد من أسفل المنحدر.

مقبرة في مئير

وكان مئير الأثرية اهتمام يذكر منذ نشرت للمرة الاولى في المقابر التي بلاكمان أليوارد لصندوق استكشاف مصر في 1914 وحفرها ثم سيد باشا Kabasha في عام 1919. وصف نموذج ريزنر القوارب التي عثر عليها في مائير وDaressy أنتجت دراسة للتوابيت. ومنذ ذلك الحين في منطقة يصعب الوصول اليها الى حد ما للسياح ولكن عدة في الآونة الأخيرة من القبور تم تطهيرها ، وفتح أمام الزوار. المقبرة ديها العديد من المهم في الصخر مقابر تعود إلى الأسرة السادسة والثانية عشرة اسرة ، التي تحتوي على مشاهد رسمها غير عادية ، وتتميز خصائصها الطبيعية. العديد من المقابر تحتوي على مشاهد مفصلة للغاية من الحياة اليومية ، بما في ذلك الصناعات والرياضة ونمط متميز المحلية.

قبر Niankh - hpepy (مئير و- 1)
كان يعرف أيضا Niankh - hpepy من جانب اسم 'Hepi الأسود وقبره كبير يعكس مكانته الهامة للمستشار بيبي الأول خلال سلالة السادس. قبر يحتوي على أربع غرف. في أول وأكبر هذه Niankh - hpepy وزوجته وصفت تلقي العروض من الأبقار والحيوانات والطيور ومراقبة المواد الغذائية والصيد وfowling ، مع التحضير للصيد. على الجدار الغربي للضريح هناك لوحة مع قربانا بلاطة في الجبهة. هناك العديد من اعمدة في قبر Niankh - hpepy ، والدفن لعائلته.

المقابر القديمة في المملكة مئير

قبر Pepyankh (مئير و- 2)
وكان نجل Pepyankh Niankh - hpepy وكان يسمى 'هيني الأسود. له قبر ، الذي يجاور أن والده هو أكبر ، ويحتوي على الكثير من المشاهد مع تفاصيل من الصناعات وحصاد المحاصيل المختلفة ، بما في ذلك الحبوب والعنب والكتان. على الحائط الأيسر من الغرفة الغربية التي تقدم المشاهد التي تتبع مالك في ممر طويل وغرفة الدفن مع رمح كبير. على الحائط الأيمن Pepyankh وينظر في palanquin ، المظللة من قبل حامل المروحة ، يرافقه كلبه الحيوانات الأليفة ، وقرد في سجلات أعلاه. آخر الغرفة الصغيرة التي تقدم إلى العمق ويتضمن الباب الوهمى. الغرفة المركزية (أول عند دخول المقبرة) يصور قبر مالك القيام بمهامه ، مع الكتبة ، والقابلات الأمين يتفقد ورش العمل. غرفة الشرقية يحتوي على مشاهد جنازة والسرداب مع تصوير المتوفى على الجدران.

قبر Senbi (مئير باء - 1)
ولعل هذا هو أحد أفضل المقابر المعروفة في مئير. عقدت Senbi الموقف وراثي من Nomarch و 'المشرف من الكهنة في عهد أمنمحات الأول من الثاني عشر اسرة ، وكان والده يسمى Ukhhotep. قبره يحتوي على مشاهد العديد من العروض ، وبالرغم من أن بعضها الآن بأضرار بالغة ، فضلا عن مشاهد الزراعية والتصنيع. أفضل الاحتفاظ المشاهد تشمل تصنيع زهرية صنع. ويرد أيضا في مشهد الصحراء الصيد مذهلة ، يرافقه كلابه. في أي من الجانبين على الجدران أمام كنيسة هما الأحواض التي استخدمت خلال الطقوس التي تقدم. ممر يؤدي من خلال رفع الوسطى القبر لمحراب تمثال في العمق.

وسط المقابر في المملكة مئير

قبر Ukhhotep (مئير باء - 2)
وكان نجل Ukhhotep Senbi (ب - 1) وعقد في العناوين وراثية 'رئيس الكبرى إسم' ، 'المشرف من الكهنة لحتحور من Cusae' و 'المشرف على كهنة سيدة للجميع' ، وخلال عشر سلالة عهد الانتصاف أولا Senwosret في قبر وتشمل مشاهد مماثلة لتلك التي من والده ، مع عروض وأنشطة مارش. وتظهر صورة كبيرة ومتنوعة من الحياة البرية في مشاهد الصيد بطريقة نابض بالحياة والألوان. وكان قبر لم تنته على ما يبدو في وفاة المالك ، وهناك بعض الشخصيات التي رسمت تقريبا في الطلاء الأحمر. على الحائط الجنوبي وهناك مشاهد من الماشية التي تبدو الرعاة الهزال ، مما يدل على الأرجح مجاعة خلال هذه الفترة. لوحات في هذا القبر لا تزال حية على نحو غير عادي.

قبر Ukhhotep (مئير باء - 4)
قبر آخر في مئير ينتمي إلى رجل يدعى Ukhhotep ، نجل Ukhhotep وMersi واجرى عناوين مشابهة من Nomarch إلى Ukhhotep السابقة خلال عشر منتصف اسرة. قبره هو بنية أكثر تعقيدا ولكن ، مع ممر مركزي مما يؤدي إلى رفع مكانة تمثال مع الديكور 'اجهة قصر' متقنة. الجدار الكواليس في المقبرة هي من مواضيع مماثلة لغيرها من مقابر الدولة الوسطى في مئير ، وتشمل الصيد والزراعة الكواليس ، والصناعات. على الحائط نهاية على الجانب الأيسر من مصلى يتم تمثيل أفراد الأسرة المكونة من سبعة Ukhhotep في السجلات. في الجزء الخلفي من الكنيسة إلى اليمين هناك غرفة عرض الذي يحتوي على نصوص طقوس تقديم قائمة والباب الوهمى يحيط بها صور لصاحب القبر.

بدأ ترميم مقابر مئير في 1997 ومقابر عدة كان لها الآن جدران الموحدة والنقوش استعادة ألوانها زاهية الأصلي. ما لا يقل عن تسع من المقابر مفتوحة للزوار من إجمالي سبعة عشر التي كان مقررا. وقد شيدت السلالم جديد ، مما يجعل من السهل الوصول إليها ، فضلا عن مقهى صغير والمراحيض. في الماضي كانت المقابر في مئير عرضة للحفر غير المشروعة فضلا عن الحفريات القانونية ، في الوقت الذي سمح التي يجب اتخاذها التحف خارج البلاد. وقد عاد بعض هؤلاء مع الآخرين وكثير من الآن على العرض في متحف صغير في ملوي ، بما في ذلك تمثال من الحجر الجيري يجلس Pepyankh وزوجته من ضريح - 2.

كيفية الوصول الى هناك

مدينة القوصية ايل هو 50km شمال أسيوط ، وحول 25km جنوب ملوي في الضفة الغربية لنهر النيل. من القوصية شرم طريق يؤدي الغربية إلى حافة زراعة نحو 8km إلى جبانة مئير. يمكن للزوار شراء التذاكر من مكتب التذاكر في موقع جديد. لا يسمح عادة التصوير داخل المقابر.

town of el-Qusiya, about 8km to the east of Meir, probably derives its name from the ancient Qis, classical Cusae during Graeco-Roman times. Although Qis was capital of the 14th Upper Egyptian nome, there are few remaining traces of the ancient town. It was in the necropolis at Meir that the provincial rulers, or nomarchs of the region were buried in tombs high in the hillside, with the more humble population further down the slope. Meir has had little archaeological attention since the tombs were first published by Aylward Blackman for the Egypt Exploration Fund in 1914 and then excavated by Sayed Pasha Kabasha in 1919. Reisner described model boats found at Meir and Daressy produced a study of the coffins. Since then the area has been fairly inaccessible to tourists but recently several of the tombs have been cleared and opened to visitors. The cemetery has many important rock-cut tombs dating to Dynasty VI and Dynasty XII, containing unusual painted scenes, characterised by their naturalistic qualities. Many of the tombs contain highly detailed scenes of daily life, including industries and sports and have a distinct local style.
Tomb of Niankh-hpepy (Meir A-1)
Niankh-hpepy was also known by the name of ‘Hepi the Black’ and his large tomb reflects his important status of Chancellor of Pepi I during Dynasty VI. The tomb contains four chambers. In the first and largest of these Niankh-hpepy and his wife are depicted receiving offerings of cattle, birds, animals and food and observing fishing and fowling, with the preparation of the catch. On the western wall of the tomb there is a stela with an offering slab in front. There are many shafts in Niankh-hpepy’s tomb, for the burials of his family.
Tomb of Pepyankh (Meir A-2)
Pepyankh was the son of Niankh-hpepy and was called ‘Heni the Black’. His tomb, which adjoins that of his father, is larger, and contains many scenes with details of industries and the harvesting of various crops, including grapes, grain and flax. On the left-hand wall of the western chamber are offering scenes which follow the owner into a long corridor and a room with a large burial shaft. On the right-hand wall Pepyankh is seen in a palanquin, shaded by a fan-bearer, accompanied by his pet dog and monkey in registers above. Another small offering chamber to the rear contains a false door. The central chamber (the first when entering the tomb) depicts the tomb-owner carrying out his duties, with scribes, secretary and attendants inspecting the workshops. The eastern chamber contains funeral scenes and a serdab with portrayals of the deceased on the walls.
Tomb of Senbi (Meir B-1)
This is perhaps one of the best known tombs at Meir. Senbi held the hereditary position of Nomarch and ‘Overseer of Priests’ during the reign of Amenemhet I of Dynasty XII, and his father was called Ukhhotep. His tomb contains many scenes of offerings, though some are now badly damaged, as well as agricultural and manufacturing scenes. The best preserved of the manufacturing scenes include vase-making. He is also shown in a spectacular desert hunting scene, accompanied by his dogs. At either side against the front walls of the chapel are two basins which would have been used during the offering rituals. A raised central aisle leads through the tomb to a statue niche at the rear.
Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-2)
Ukhhotep was the son of Senbi (B-1) and held the hereditary titles of ‘Great Chief of the Nome’, ‘Overseer of Priests of Hathor of Cusae’ and ‘Overseer of Priests of the Lady of All’, during the Dynasty XII reign of Senwosret I. Reliefs in the tomb include scenes similar to those of his father, with offerings and marsh activities. A great variety of wildlife is depicted in hunting scenes in a lifelike and colourful manner. The tomb was apparently unfinished at the owner’s death and there are some figures which are roughly sketched in red paint. On the southern wall there are scenes of cattle whose herdsmen look emaciated, probably indicating a famine during this period. The paintings in this tomb are unusually vivid.
Tomb of Ukhhotep (Meir B-4)
Another tomb at Meir belongs to a man named Ukhhotep, a son of Ukhhotep and Mersi and he held similar titles of Nomarch to the previous Ukhhotep during mid-Dynasty XII. His tomb is a much more complex structure however, with a raised central aisle leading to a statue niche with an elaborate ‘palace façade’ decoration. The wall-scenes in the tomb are of similar themes to other Middle Kingdom tombs at Meir and include fishing and agricultural scenes, and industries. On the end wall on the left-hand side of the chapel the extended family of Ukhhotep are represented in seven registers. At the rear of the chapel to the right there is an offering chamber which contains texts of offering list rituals and a false door flanked by images of the tomb-owner.
Restoration of the tombs at Meir began in 1997 and several tombs have now had the walls consolidated and the reliefs restored to their original bright colours. At least nine of the tombs are open to visitors from a total of seventeen which are planned. New stairways have been constructed, making access easier, as well as a small coffee-shop and toilets. In the past the tombs at Meir have been prone to illicit digging as well as legal excavations, which at the time allowed the artefacts to be taken out of the country. Some of these have been returned and with many others are now on display in the small museum at Mallawi, including a limestone seated statue of Pepyankh and his wife from tomb A-2.
How to get there
The town of el-Qusiya is 50km north of Asyut, and around 25km south of Mallawi on the west bank of the Nile. From el-Qusiya a road leads west to the edge of the cultivation for about 8km to the necropolis of Meir. Visitors may buy tickets from the new ticket office at the site. Photography is not usually allowed inside the tombs.

Late Old Kingdom and First Intermediate Period - *** THIS FORUM IS ARCHIVED ***
Introduction to Egyptian Archaeology and Art 2009

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Pyramid of Sahure



Map of Abusir



Temple papyrus from Abusir.



Sun temple.



Interior of pyramid of Unis.



Plan of pyramid of Unis.



False door of tomb of Ti.



Ti on a boat. (!)



Plan of the tomb of Ti at Saqqara.



Baby Pepy II.



5th Dynasty scribe.



False door of Perneb.



Servant statuette.



Sex scene from 5th Dynasty tomb of Mereruka at Saqqara.



Autobiographical text of Weni





Rock-cut tombs at Meir





Kom Dara





Regional variability and increases in material culture





Cartonnage mask - new development in the FIP





Grain grinding funerary model from FIP





Model from Mentuhotep II's tomb.





Wall painting from Ankhtifi's tomb in el-Moalla





Stela of Maaty

With Abdul driving the car, Sam and I left the el-Badr hotel this morning for Meir, 50km north of Asyut. The site we wanted to visit today was once the ancient capital of the 14th Nome and necropolis of Dynasty VI & XII nomarchs. Once more we were travelling with a police escort, driving fast along the straight road through countryside to the west of the Nile. When we reached a small town called el-Qusiya, we followed the police truck onto a smaller track that leads right to the edge of the cultivation and after around 8km we arrived at the necropolis. As we drove past a large Muslim cemetery we knew we must be getting close, then suddenly the tombs were right in front of us.
These tombs have recently been restored, cleaned and re-opened after being closed for several years. The first thing we noticed was a long and obviously new flight of steps, which didn’t look too strenuous. But they had long patches of very soft sand between each of the flights which really gets to the leg muscles. The first group of tombs belong to the Middle Kingdom governors of the region. The newly-cleaned wall-paintings are absolutely wonderful with beautiful colours unique to Middle Egypt and rare scenes of famine, including a group of people named as ‘Beja herdsmen’ (I think from Nubia) who looked very starved with ribs showing. There are some very unusual hieroglyphs too. We went into 4 tombs in this group all named either Senbi or Ukhotep, which is a bit confusing trying to work out who is who. Unfortunately we were strictly forbidden to take pictures inside these beautiful tombs and no amount of pleading or even baksheesh would sway the gafir.
After this group we set off for the higher group of Old Kingdom tombs. There were no steps this time and we had to climb the very soft sand dunes. Sam gave up half way and headed back, which put our accompanying policeman into a flap. Does he follow me or Sam? This is quite an interesting game. I suspected that Sam was trying to lure away the gafir to let her take photographs if she was on her own, so I carried on. The Old Kingdom tombs were not as interesting as the others and only had a little colour and reliefs. They hadn’t yet been cleaned and there were only two tombs open, Niankh-Pepi and his son Pepi-Ankh. There were more Old Kingdom tombs higher up, another kilometre further on, but I decided to go back down, wondering what had happened to Sam. She hadn’t succeeded with the gafir.
Next we drove back to Asyut and crossed the river to the east bank, heading for Deir el-Gabrawi, a necropolis of over 100 rock-cut tombs of governors from the Old Kingdom and 1st Intermediate Period. The village is most famous for it’s Christian monastery (deir). All of the area smelled wonderful because everyone was involved in the harvesting some kind of green plant grown in the fields. We discovered that the plant is called Rehan and smells and looks very like Basil. Its oil is used in the perfume industry and we were told it is very expensive. In the village we picked up the gafir and headed for the tombs which were very high up on the mountain.
As Sam and I climbed up the steep track a little way, we wondered if we would make it to the top, then by chance we found that the gafir didn’t have a key to open the tombs. At that point we decided to abandon the climb and went back down, leaving the gafir to scratch his head at these crazy tourists. There seemed to be an enormous amount of tomb openings and huge galleries of quarries everywhere on the hillside. At the base of the cliff is an extensive area of mudbrick structures, but we couldn’t decide how old they are. They have obviously been excavated because there are large mounds of pottery lying around. I assumed it must be some sort of town site, but we could not tell if it was ancient or modern and by this time the gafir was totally uncommunicative. I took lots of pictures of yet more tombs we didn’t get to see.
On the drive back to our hotel we had a small bunch of Rehan in the car that someone had given us and I could smell its powerful aroma all the way back to Asyut.

مع عبد قيادة السيارة ، وبقي وسام لي فندق شرم بدر هذا الصباح لمئير ، 50km شمال أسيوط. موقع أردنا أن زيارة اليوم كان يوما العاصمة القديمة لإسم 14 وجبانة من سلالة السادس والثاني عشر nomarchs. ومرة أخرى كنا السفر مع حراسة الشرطة ، وقيادة المركبات على طول الطريق السريع مباشرة من خلال الريف الى الغرب من نهر النيل. تابعنا عندما وصلنا الى بلدة صغيرة تسمى شرم القوصية ، وشاحنة للشرطة على أصغر المسار الذي يؤدي اليمين إلى حافة زراعة وبعد نحو 8km وصلنا إلى المقبرة. كما مررنا على مقبرة اسلامية كبيرة كنا نعلم أننا يجب أن يكون الاقتراب ، ثم فجأة المقابر كانوا على حق في الجبهة منا.

وسط المقابر في المملكة مئير

وقد تم مؤخرا ترميم هذه المقابر ، وتنظيفها وإعادة فتحها بعد إغلاقها لعدة سنوات. وكان أول شيء لاحظنا رحلة طويلة والجديدة الواضح من الخطوات ، التي لا تبدو شاقة للغاية. لكنها كانت بقع طويلة من الرمال الناعمة جدا بين كل من الرحلات الجوية التي يحصل فعلا إلى عضلات الساق. أول مجموعة من مقابر تنتمي إلى حكام المملكة الوسطى في المنطقة. حديثا تنظيف الجدار لوحات رائعة تماما مع ألوان جميلة فريدة من نوعها لمصر الوسطى ومشاهد نادرة من المجاعة ، بما في ذلك مجموعة من الناس يدعى 'الرعاة البجا' (على ما أظن من النوبة) الذي بدا المتعطشة جدا مع عرض أضلاعه. هناك بعض الطلاسم غير عادي جدا جدا. ذهبنا إلى 4 مقابر في هذه المجموعة يدعى جميع إما Senbi أو Ukhotep ، وهو مربكا بعض الشيء في محاولة للعمل من هو منظمة الصحة العالمية. للأسف كنا يمنع منعا باتا لالتقاط الصور داخل هذه المقابر جميلة وأي قدر من يتوسل أو حتى بقشيش سيكون التأثير في gafir.

المقابر القديمة في المملكة مئير

بعد هذه المجموعة انطلقنا لأعلى مجموعة من مقابر الدولة القديمة. لم تكن هناك خطوات هذا الوقت ، وكان علينا أن تسلق الكثبان الرملية الناعمة جدا. أعطى سام بالتسجيل في منتصف الطريق وعاد ، التي وضعت شرطة المرافق لدينا في رفرف. انه لا يتبعني أو سام؟ هذا هو تماما لعبة مثيرة للاهتمام. أنا يشتبه في أن سام كان يحاول إغراء بعيدا gafir السماح لها بالتقاط صور فوتوغرافية إذا كانت لوحدها ، لذلك أنا على القيام. وكانت المملكة المقابر القديمة يست مثيرة للاهتمام كما للآخرين وليس لها سوى اللون قليلا والنقوش. أنها لم يتم بعد تنظيفها وكانت هناك اثنين فقط من القبور المفتوحة ، Niankh - بيبي وابنه بيبي عنخ. كان هناك المزيد من المقابر القديمة المملكة على مستوى اعلى ، وآخر على بعد كيلومتر المزيد ، لكنني قررت أن يذهب إلى أسفل الظهر ، ويتساءل ما حدث لسام. وقالت إنها لم تنجح مع gafir.

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مجهود رائع ياابويحي احييك عليه وانا زرت المقابر بنقسى وادعو الجميع الى زيارت هذه المقابر الاكثر من رائعه وان يتعرفوعلى اثار بلدنا الجميله القوصيه شكرا لك